What is the meaning of the "Z" in "Dragon Ball Z"?

There’s a lot of false information floating around and it can be hard to parse the truth from the bullshit, so let’s clear up some misconceptions:

The Z in Dragon Ball Z stands for Z-Warrior: False. The main cast is called the Z-Warriors because they are the main characters of Dragon Ball Z, not the other way around. Moreover, it’s an anime-only term, it’s never actually used in the original manga, which is appropriate, since the manga never had a “Z” in its title to begin with. As an aside, the term “Z Warrior” was first used in the original Bardock TV Special from 1990.

The Z in Dragon Ball Z was originally a 2, but was misread as a Z: False. While it’s true that one of the pitched names for the second TV series was Dragon Ball 2 (among others like New Dragon Ball, Dragon Ball ‘90, Dragon Ball Wonder Boy, Dragon Ball: Gohan’s Big Adventure, etc.), the idea that it was misread as Dragon Ball Z is just a rumor.

The Z in Dragon Ball Z stands for Zenkai: False. It's almost funny how often this word gets misappropriated in the Dragon Ball fandom. However, just like how zenkai isn't actually the name of the Saiyans’ ability to get stronger after a brush with death, it also isn't the Z in Dragon Ball Z. Apparently some fans got it into their heads that zenkai means “last time”, and this is why it was chosen to represent the new Dragon Ball TV series. While there is a tiny sliver of truth buried in the B.S. (see below), the idea that zenkai means “last time” or anything similar is incorrect (it actually translates out to “full release/full throttle" or “completely refreshed” depending on the characters used), as is the idea that it's the Z in Dragon Ball Z.

The Z in Dragon Ball Z comes from the Z-Sword: False. This one in particular is mind-bogglingly stupid. Dragon Ball Z first appeared on Japanese TVs in 1989. The Z-Sword didn’t appear in the manga until 1994, five years after DBZ had been on the air, and Toriyama doesn’t really foreshadow things. He’d actually have to plan the story out in order to do that, and it’s been well documented that he was writing by the seat of his pants throughout most of Dragon Ball’s lifespan. There’s no way in hell he would’ve been sitting on a concept like the Z-Sword for such a long time, especially considering what a throw-away item it is.

The Z in Dragon Ball Z was meant to suggest that the series might end soon:Actually true! From Toriyama Akira himself:

“Z” is the last letter of the alphabet, right? Anyhow, from that time, I really already wanted to end the comic, (laughs) so I gave the title a “Z” with the meaning of “that’s all, folks~”.

So, yeah. The “Legendary Z" got its name from Toriyama’s long-standing desire to end the series prematurely. That poor, naive fool.

                                                                                                                                                                               --- from Quora 

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